how to avoid overextending when the opponent plays passively ?

positions like this

You should play calmly. First h3 to avoid ...Ng4.
Example

@tpr how much of an advantage is it if the oponent plays passively , ( i mean not passively like kid , something like d6 e6 like in my position ) is it enough to have winning chanches or is it just a small advantages

"how much of an advantage is it"

• Black is OK, but must play carefully. In the game shown 9...Bd7? instead of 9...e5 is already a mistake, giving white a 1.23 advantage, i.e. more than 50% odds to win and less than 50% chance to draw against an equal opponent.

@tpr said ^

"how much of an advantage is it"

• Black is OK, but must play carefully. In the game shown 9...Bd7? instead of 9...e5 is already a mistake, giving white a 1.23 advantage, i.e. more than 50% odds to win and less than 50% chance to draw against an equal opponent.

so its a advantage but not enough to be game winning ?

"so its a advantage but not enough to be game winning ?"

• Objectively it is no advantage, as black can hold the draw with precise play.
  Only black has nearly no margin for error.

these kind positions are usually +1 - +1,5 how can black draw that ( if perfect play ) ?

didn't you said in a post that +0,8 , +1,2 is the difference between drawing and winning ? , or did i remember that wrongly

I think OP has a fundamental misread of the position in that Black can play e5 or d5 in this position on any move.. that is not passive.. that is dynamic. The pawn structure will become clear when one of these moves has been played and not likely before then.

White has some extra space to maneuver. This is barely an advantage IMO and more of a feature of the position. One way to turn space into an advantage is to efficiently point all your stuff at a place the opponent has a hard time covering.

Your calculations must include black playing e5 or d5 on each move and the pawn structures that will arise once those moves are played since there are several, and the ideas that might work after the structure clarifies are varied. On a scale of 1 to strategically complicated, this position is strategically complicated.

How do you not over-extend? Pre study the pawn structures that arise after black plays e5 or e5 and each trade or lock of the pawns that could happen after those moves.

If one side sits on the last three ranks, at some point you need to cross the fourth rank. You may call it overextending, I'd say it's occupying space and creating targets by opening up the position.